This series of fixed negative-voltage integrated-circuit voltage regulators is designed for a wide range of applications. These include on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. In addition, they can be used to control series pass elements to make high-current voltage-regulator circuits. One of these regulators can deliver up to 100 mA of output current. The internal current-limiting and thermal-shutdown features essentially make the regulators immune to overload. When used as a replacement for a Zener-diode and resistor combination, these devices can provide an effective improvement in output impedance of two orders of magnitude, with lower bias current.